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畜牧网ZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，FLHS)，此时可造成极高的死亡率，给蛋鸡养殖造成严重的经济损失。FLHS亚临床病例的肝脏呈油黄灰色，肿大易碎，包膜下尤其是在肝小叶边缘有小范围出血，腹腔沉积大量脂肪，肾脏苍白肿胀。FLHS鸡肝脏脂肪含量一般超过干重的40%，有时甚至超过70%。自1956年Couch首次报道该病以来，逐渐被各国兽医学者发现和确认。近年来，在养殖业追求高效生产的条件下，该病的发生呈逐年升高的趋势。由于该病常呈现散发性且发病率和死亡率不像其他传染病那样明显，还未引起相关方面的足够重视。前期研究一致表明，该病是一种代谢性疾病，与许多营养代谢综合征一样，其诱因复杂，涉及营养、遗传、环境、管理等诸多因素。
1 营养因素对FLHS的影响
1.1 能量、蛋白水平对FLHS的影响
日粮中能量过剩或蛋白缺乏都可诱发蛋鸡FLHS。早在1972，Wolford J H等就发现，FLHS在以玉米大豆型高能日粮饲喂的重型蛋鸡中多发。1974，Wolford J H等通过强制饲喂诱发FLHS成功。此后， [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81] [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] [89] [90] [91] [92] [93] [94] [95] [96] [97] [98] [99] [100] [101] [102] [103] [104] [105] [106] [107] [108] [109] [110] [111] [112] [113] [114] [115] [116] |
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